Subsidies have no effect on Spanish cinema productivity

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Awards have an impact on Spanish movie productivity, since they increase internal and external distribution demand, but subsidies have no effect whatsoever on the productivity of the Spanish film industry. This is the conclusion of researchers at the University of Granada (UGR), who have studied the production of films in Spain.

«Awards increase the amount of films produced by increasing productivity. In other words film industry workers and companies are more productive and efficient. However, we did not detect that subsidies had any such effect on productivity», Henry Aray, co-author of the study and a researcher at the UGR, tells SINC.

The researcher says that the results published in the journal Applied Economics Letters show that «where there are subsidies, these should be like awards – in other words, companies should compete to win subsidies, which would also create another yardstick to be reached by people starting out in the film industry».

The data show that, with the same capital and workforce, production is higher when there are more awards, while subsidies have no effect, either positive or negative, on productivity «when seen as efficiency».

Subsidies can have a positive effect on recruitment. In other words, more money coming from subsidies leads to more employment. «But we were interested in measuring their effect on the productivity and efficiency of the film industry», says Aray.

To study this, the researchers began with the information published annually by Spain’s Ministry of Culture (MCU) on film production, subsidies, awards, the number of companies working in film production, and the number of employees in the sector from 2002 to 2007.

Aside from the regional figures from the MCU database, the researchers also used the leisure and culture price index from the Consumer Price Index (IPC) of the National Statistics Institute (INE).

«We estimated cinematographic production according to capital and labour factors, in other words the resources that companies use to make a feature film, and we included the variables of subsidies and awards», describes Aray.

95% of Spanish movie production is concentrated in seven autonomous regions

Using these data, the experts looked at the autonomous regions that produce movies every year. «We only chose those regions so that the sample would be standardised. Andalusia, Catalonia, Galicia, Madrid, Navarre, the Basque Country and Valencia together represent more than 95% of the entire country’s film production», the researcher explains.

More information: Betty Agnani, Henry Aray «Subsidies and awards in movie production», Applied Economics Letters, 17 (15): 1509-1511, 2010. doi: 19.1080/13504850903035865

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Subsidies have no effect on Spanish cinema productivity

Escrito por

Awards have an impact on Spanish movie productivity, since they increase internal and external distribution demand, but subsidies have no effect whatsoever on the productivity of the Spanish film industry. This is the conclusion of researchers at the University of Granada (UGR), who have studied the production of films in Spain.

“Awards increase the amount of films produced by increasing productivity. In other words film industry workers and companies are more productive and efficient. However, we did not detect that subsidies had any such effect on productivity”, Henry Aray, co-author of the study and a researcher at the UGR, tells SINC.

The researcher says that the results published in the journal Applied economics letters show that “where there are subsidies, these should be like awards — in other words, companies should compete to win subsidies, which would also create another yardstick to be reached by people starting out in the film industry”.

The data show that, with the same capital and workforce, production is higher when there are more awards, while subsidies have no effect, either positive or negative, on productivity “when seen as efficiency”.

Subsidies can have a positive effect on recruitment. In other words, more money coming from subsidies leads to more employment. “But we were interested in measuring their effect on the productivity and efficiency of the film industry”, says Aray.

To study this, the researchers began with the information published annually by Spain’s Ministry of Culture (MCU) on film production, subsidies, awards, the number of companies working in film production, and the number of employees in the sector from 2002 to 2007.

Aside from the regional figures from the MCU database, the researchers also used the leisure and culture price index from the Consumer Price Index (IPC) of the National Statistics Institute (INE).

“We estimated cinematographic production according to capital and labour factors, in other words the resources that companies use to make a feature film, and we included the variables of subsidies and awards”, describes Aray.

95% of Spanish movie production is concentrated in seven autonomous regions

Using these data, the experts looked at the autonomous regions that produce movies every year. “We only chose those regions so that the sample would be standardised. Andalusia, Catalonia, Galicia, Madrid, Navarre, the Basque Country and Valencia together represent more than 95% of the entire country’s film production”, the researcher explains.

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Subsidies have no effect on Spanish cinema productivity

Escrito por

Awards have an impact on Spanish movie productivity, since they increase internal and external distribution demand, but subsidies have no effect whatsoever on the productivity of the Spanish film industry. This is the conclusion of researchers at the University of Granada (UGR), who have studied the production of films in Spain. «Awards increase the amount of films produced by increasing productivity. In other words film industry workers and companies are more productive and efficient. However, we did not detect that subsidies had any such effect on productivity», Henry Aray, co-author of the study and a researcher at the UGR, tells SINC.

The researcher says that the results published in the journal Applied economics letters show that «where there are subsidies, these should be like awards – in other words, companies should compete to win subsidies, which would also create another yardstick to be reached by people starting out in the film industry».

The data show that, with the same capital and workforce, production is higher when there are more awards, while subsidies have no effect, either positive or negative, on productivity «when seen as efficiency».

Subsidies can have a positive effect on recruitment. In other words, more money coming from subsidies leads to more employment. «But we were interested in measuring their effect on the productivity and efficiency of the film industry», says Aray.

To study this, the researchers began with the information published annually by Spain’s Ministry of Culture (MCU) on film production, subsidies, awards, the number of companies working in film production, and the number of employees in the sector from 2002 to 2007.

Aside from the regional figures from the MCU database, the researchers also used the leisure and culture price index from the Consumer Price Index (IPC) of the National Statistics Institute (INE).

«We estimated cinematographic production according to capital and labour factors, in other words the resources that companies use to make a feature film, and we included the variables of subsidies and awards», describes Aray.

95% of Spanish movie production is concentrated in seven autonomous regions

Using these data, the experts looked at the autonomous regions that produce movies every year. «We only chose those regions so that the sample would be standardised. Andalusia, Catalonia, Galicia, Madrid, Navarre, the Basque Country and Valencia together represent more than 95% of the entire country’s film production», the researcher explains.

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Subsidies have no effect on Spanish cinema productivity

Escrito por

Awards have an impact on Spanish movie productivity, since they increase internal and external distribution demand, but subsidies have no effect whatsoever on the productivity of the Spanish film industry. This is the conclusion of researchers at the University of Granada (UGR), who have studied the production of films in Spain.

«Awards increase the amount of films produced by increasing productivity. In other words film industry workers and companies are more productive and efficient. However, we did not detect that subsidies had any such effect on productivity», Henry Aray, co-author of the study and a researcher at the UGR, tells SINC.

The researcher says that the results published in the journal Applied economics letters show that «where there are subsidies, these should be like awards – in other words, companies should compete to win subsidies, which would also create another yardstick to be reached by people starting out in the film industry».

The data show that, with the same capital and workforce, production is higher when there are more awards, while subsidies have no effect, either positive or negative, on productivity «when seen as efficiency».

Subsidies can have a positive effect on recruitment. In other words, more money coming from subsidies leads to more employment. «But we were interested in measuring their effect on the productivity and efficiency of the film industry», says Aray.

To study this, the researchers began with the information published annually by Spain’s Ministry of Culture (MCU) on film production, subsidies, awards, the number of companies working in film production, and the number of employees in the sector from 2002 to 2007.

Aside from the regional figures from the MCU database, the researchers also used the leisure and culture price index from the Consumer Price Index (IPC) of the National Statistics Institute (INE).

«We estimated cinematographic production according to capital and labour factors, in other words the resources that companies use to make a feature film, and we included the variables of subsidies and awards», describes Aray.

95% of Spanish movie production is concentrated in seven autonomous regions

Using these data, the experts looked at the autonomous regions that produce movies every year. «We only chose those regions so that the sample would be standardised. Andalusia, Catalonia, Galicia, Madrid, Navarre, the Basque Country and Valencia together represent more than 95% of the entire country’s film production», the researcher explains.

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Eccus

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Newssur – Pág. 02: Universidades solidarias por Navidad

Newssur – Pág. 05: Las mujeres sienten más las emociones

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Subsidies Have No Effect On Spanish Cinema Productivity

Escrito por

Awards have an impact on Spanish movie productivity, since they increase internal and external distribution demand, but subsidies have no effect whatsoever on the productivity of the Spanish film industry. This is the conclusion of researchers at the University of Granada (UGR), who have studied the production of films in Spain.

«Awards increase the amount of films produced by increasing productivity. In other words film industry workers and companies are more productive and efficient. However, we did not detect that subsidies had any such effect on productivity», Henry Aray, co-author of the study and a researcher at the UGR, tells SINC.

The researcher says that the results published in the journal Applied economics letters show that «where there are subsidies, these should be like awards – in other words, companies should compete to win subsidies, which would also create another yardstick to be reached by people starting out in the film industry».

The data show that, with the same capital and workforce, production is higher when there are more awards, while subsidies have no effect, either positive or negative, on productivity «when seen as efficiency».

Subsidies can have a positive effect on recruitment. In other words, more money coming from subsidies leads to more employment. «But we were interested in measuring their effect on the productivity and efficiency of the film industry», says Aray.

To study this, the researchers began with the information published annually by Spain’s Ministry of Culture (MCU) on film production, subsidies, awards, the number of companies working in film production, and the number of employees in the sector from 2002 to 2007.

Aside from the regional figures from the MCU database, the researchers also used the leisure and culture price index from the Consumer Price Index (IPC) of the National Statistics Institute (INE).

«We estimated cinematographic production according to capital and labour factors, in other words the resources that companies use to make a feature film, and we included the variables of subsidies and awards», describes Aray.

95% of Spanish movie production is concentrated in seven autonomous regions

Using these data, the experts looked at the autonomous regions that produce movies every year. «We only chose those regions so that the sample would be standardised. Andalusia, Catalonia, Galicia, Madrid, Navarre, the Basque Country and Valencia together represent more than 95% of the entire country’s film production», the researcher explains.

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Genyo : l’Andalousie à la pointe de la recherche oncologique

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Le mois dernier, le centre de génomique et recherche oncologique Genyo [1] a été inauguré à Grenade. Situé dans le parc technologique Campus de Ciencias de la Salud de Grenade, ce centre thématique de 6 400m2 s’intègre totalement dans une dynamique moderne de la recherche scientifique. En effet, il est le fruit de l’étroite collaboration entre des entités publiques et privées : l’entreprise Pfizer, l’Université de Grenade, et la Junta de Andalucia. Ceci permettra la réalisation de recherches transversales et le développement de nouveaux projets et services pour la prévention, le diagnostic et le traitement de maladies associées à la variabilité génétique humaine : le cancer bien sûr, mais aussi les maladies rares, le diabète, l’hypertension ou les maladies dégénératives. Les recherches seront développées autour de trois axes principaux dans le centre Genyo : la variabilité de l’ADN humain, l’oncologie génomique, et la pharmacogénomique.

Ce centre se compose de 22 laboratoires et une série d’unités de soutien à la recherche comme celles de génotypage, de génomique, de bioinformatique, de biostatistiques, d’épidémiologie génétique, ou de bioinformatique par exemple. Au total, ce seront quelques 200 personnes qui développeront leurs recherches dans le centre Genyo. De plus, tout comme le CNAG de Barcelone dont nous vous avions parlé il y a quelques mois [2], Genyo possèdera des méga-séquenceurs modernes qui lui permettront de séquencer un génome humain en seulement trois jours.

Enfin, ce centre est d’autant plus moderne qu’il a été imaginé en accord avec le respect de l’environnement : en plus d’une structure architectonique, il dispose d’une façade photovoltaïque qui produira une partie de l’électricité dont il aura besoin.

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Vos fleurs sculptées par les abeilles

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La forme des pétales et la taille de vos fleurs ne dépendent pas uniquement des graines que vous avez plantées. Une étude espagnole vient de démontrer que bourdons et abeilles ont aussi leur mot à dire.
 
Le dernier numéro de la publication botanique, International Journal of Plant Science, consacré à la sélection naturelle chez les plantes, contient les détails d’une étude surprenante. José María Gómez et Francisco Perfectti de l’université de Grenade, en Espagne, ont passé 10 ans à étudier l’influence des pollinisateurs sur la forme des fleurs.
   
Leur étude a démontré que dans une même espèce, l’apparence des corolles peut varier beaucoup. Et cette variation n’est pas sans conséquence ! En effet, il vient d’être prouvé que les pollinisateurs sont beaucoup plus attirés par certaines formes que par d’autres.

L’expérience va même plus loin : elle révèle que chaque type de pollinisateur a une préférence pour un type de corolle spécifique. On découvre alors que les plantes prennent l’apparence préférée des pollinisateurs dominants dans un secteur donné.

Certes, leurs observations se font à un niveau pratiquement microscopique et sur une échelle de temps très large, ce qui signifie que la prédominance de bourdons ou d’abeilles dans votre jardin ne change pas radicalement vos fleurs. Mais cette révélation ouvre la porte à des recherches plus concrètes sur le rôle des insectes au jardin, qui feront évoluer les pratiques du jardinage écologique.

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Ideal

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Pág. 10: Un alumno solo contra la gestión del rector

Pág. 11 – Obituario: Juan Luis Castellano.Una figura esencial

Pág. 12 – Publicidad: Exposición Luis Rosales. El contenido del corazón

Pág. 65: ‘El saber universitario a comienzos del siglo XVI: Gregor Reisch’

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La mobilità virtuale: strumento di cooperazione

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Gli esiti del seminario nazionale organizzato dai partners italiani del progetto Movinter, Università di Bologna e Scienter

Martedi 30 novembre si è tenuto presso il Complesso di Santa Cristina il seminario nazionale di sensibilizzazione sul tema della mobilità virtuale, organizzato dai partners italiani del progetto Movinter, Università di Bologna e Scienter. Per il consorzio del progetto hanno partecipato Carla Salvaterra, delegata del Rettore dell’Alma Mater per le Relazioni internazionali, Claudio Dondi, presidente di Scienter, Giovanna Valenti Negrini, responsabile del progetto per Flacso Messico, Annemie Boonen, responsabile del progetto per EuroPace.

Durante il seminario sono stati presentati gli esiti dell’esplorazione del concetto di mobilità virtuale, le sue componenti, ma anche i nodi tuttora irrisolti e un set di raccomandazioni/azioni rivolto a tutti coloro che desiderano sperimentare e sostenere la mobilità virtuale. E’ stata anche l’occasione per ricordare gli antecedenti e lavorare con il gruppo presente nell’evidenziare in termini prospettici i punti di forza e di debolezza del concetto di mobilità virtuale, le principali opportunità e minacce emerse durante i due anni di lavoro ed i numerosi incontri con gli esperti internazionali ed interessati al concetto e alla sua applicazione.

Gli antecedenti del progetto sono da ricondursi al progetto Humanities (1995-1996), coordinato dal Gruppo di Coimbra, che attraverso un approccio comparativo si proponeva di lavorare e sperimentare strumenti di Open e Distance Learning (Odl), a cui l’Università di Bologna aveva partecipato attivamente attraverso la conduzione di un gruppo di lavoro sulla comunicazione seguito dal prof. Umberto Eco.

Il progetto Movinter, quindici anni dopo, si è dato come primo obiettivo quello di rivisitare e aggiornare il quadro concettuale, identificando dieci componenti centrali che costituiscono la mobilità virtuale e recuperando come elemento centrale l’interculturalità nel disegno della realizzazione e conduzione dei progetti, in particolare nel disegno di curricula e titoli congiunti. Dall’analisi di una cinquantina di casistiche reali e progetti in corso a livello europeo e latinoamericano, si sono identificati cinque submodelli di mobilità virtuale, sulla base del livello di adesione e inclusione di tutte le componenti: educazione a distanza potenziata, e-learning internazionale basato sulle risorse, apprendimento informale, intensa cooperazione accademica, il pieno sviluppo dei componenti della mobilità virtuale.

Dalla discussione e riflessione comune tra i partecipanti sono emersi diversi punti di forza del concetto: la mobilità virtuale è risultata un fortissimo strumento che potenzia l’approccio comparativo nella creazione di reti formali e contribuisce all’evoluzione delle modalità di cooperazione in termini di interculturalità e reciprocità. Si tratta di un servizio disponibile ad essere valorizzato nell’ambito delle relazioni internazionali delle università, che talvolta incontra resistenza ad essere applicato congiuntamente alle tradizionali mobilità fisica e educazione a distanza. Il progetto ha lavorato e proposto per questo un approccio graduale alla  inclusione della mobilità virtuale accanto a queste pratiche consolidate, proprio per poterne valutare l’impatto e i vantaggi.

Il progetto, condotto dall’Università di Granada (Spagna) in collaborazione con l’Università di Bologna, Scienter, EuroPace (Belgio), Universidade de Aveiro (Portogallo), Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco (Messico), Flacso Messico, è finanziato dall’Eacea, agenzia esecutiva per la gestione dell’azione comunitaria nei settori dell’istruzione, degli audiovisivi e della cultura, nel quadro del programma Erasmus Mundus – Azione 3: Promozione dell’educazione superiore europea.

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Granada Hoy

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Pág. 6 y 7: La Universidad no podrá pedir un solo crédito en 2011

Educación recibe 6.000 solicitudes más de becas para estudiantes que en 2004

Pág. 13: Granada y Nueva York se alían para crear terapias personalizadas contra el cáncer

Un virus similar al de los herpes podría causar la esclerosis múltiple

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La intervención sanitaria mejora el control en hipertensión

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Un estudio realizado por investigadores de la Red de Investigación Cardiovascular del Instituto Carlos III, de Madrid, ha evaluado una estrategia para mejorar el control de la hipertensión y ha medido científicamente las consecuencias de tomar mal la medicación y confirma que la intervención sanitaria mejora las cifras de presión arterial.

Tras formar un grupo control y otro intervención, el estudio se fundamentó en tres acciones principales: recuento de pastillas durante las visitas al médico mediante un dispositivo electrónico incorporado al envase de las pastillas que registra en un chip las horas y fechas que el paciente abre el envase del tratamiento a lo largo de un mes, la designación de un miembro de la familia para apoyar y supervisar la adhesión del paciente al tratamiento del paciente y en tercer lugar el proporcionar a los pacientes una hoja informativa sobre sus medicamentos antihipertensivos. Hay que recordar que en actualidad son muchos los farmacéuticos que realizan labores similirares de control en pacientes hipertensos. De hecho, y a modo de ejemplo, en enero se pondrá en marcha en farmacias de toda España el proyecto ¡Cuídate Corazón!, promovido por Lácer y la Universidad de Granada (ver CF del 11-X-2010).

Tanto en los pacientes del grupo de intervención como en los del control se vigiló periódicamente su presión arterial y se indagó la posible aparición de eventos cardiovasculares durante 5 años. La intervención duró 6 meses y el seguimiento 39. Los análisis se basaron en 875 pacientes (457 en el grupo control y 418 en el de intervención).

NUEVAS ESTRATEGIAS
El estudio, publicado la semana pasada en la revista científica Circulation, ha revelado que a los 6 meses, los pacientes intervenidos mostraron una media de presión arterial sistólica significativamente menor que los pacientes del grupo contro (148 mmHg, los primeros y 151 mmHG, los segundos).

Además, se vió una disminución de la presión arterial diastólica de 81,9 mmHg en los primeros frente a 83,0 mm Hg en los segundos. Además, los pacientes en el grupo de intervención fueron menos propensos a tener descontrolada la tensión arterial y fueron mejores cumplidores del tratamiento.

Para Rafael Gabriel, uno de los coordinadores del estudio, «este trabajo proporciona una guía útil que puede ayudar a los gestores de salud en atención primaria a aplicar estrategias para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento con fármacos antihipertensivos. Asimismo, Gabriel ha subrayado que «esta investigación demuestra la necesidad de indentificar otras estrategias de control de la hipertensión que vayan más allá de la terapia farmacológica y se basen en las conductas de los pacientes».

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