LA EEZ PARTICIPA EN EL PROYECTO ‘MICROGEN’, FINANCIADO CON 3,8 MILLONES DE EUROS POR EL PROGRAMA CONSOLIDER

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El proyecto denominado MICROGEN (Microbial comparative genomics) ha sido financiado con 3,8 millones de euros por Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación dentro de la última convocatoria del programa Consolider.

 

Esta nueva investigación en la que participa la Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZCSIC), junto con otros centros de investigación españoles, se propone como una oportunidad de incorporarse junto con otros grupos elegidos por encontrarse entre los operativos en la genómica bacteriana internacional. El objetivo general es entender cómo se estructuran y evolucionan las poblaciones bacterianas mediante el uso de las nuevas tecnologías, realizando la transición de la genética a la genómica de poblaciones.

 

Las células procarióticas son la principal fuerza motora del ecosistema planetario. No solo proveen a humanos de la mayoría de los compuestos bioactivos, sino que todavía representan una de las principales amenazas para la salud.

En principio se secuenciarán genomas de muchas bacterias, algunas implicadas en la producción de caries, lo que permitirá detectar genes que puedan tener aplicaciones prácticas, como vacunas.

 

Otros de los genomas que se secuenciarán son los de bacterias responsables de la fijación de nitrógeno en plantas. Esta parte del proyecto se realizará desde el departamento de Microbiología del suelo y sistemas simbióticos de la Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZCSIC).

 

Identificación de bacterias responsables de enfermedades

 

Este proyecto también permitirá la secuenciación de genomas de bacterias responsables de enfermedades humanas y de animales de granja o de la producción de hidrógeno, además de secuenciar metagenomas, es decir, el ADN de muchas bacterias que se encuentran en un determinado hábitat y que van desde la placa dental hasta el mar Mediterráneo y el Amazonas.

 

Con la cooperación de todos los grupos implicados en este proyecto se podrán detectar genes que puedan tener aplicaciones prácticas, como antibióticos o antitumorales y otras utilidades a nivel industrial.

 

El estudio de las bacterias se ha revolucionado profundamente en los últimos 10 años. Gracias al desarrollo de la genómica y la metagenómica se ha logrado el desarrollo de métodos de secuenciación de bajo coste y alto rendimiento. Con el proyecto ‘MICROGEN’ se conseguirá la mejora y desarrollo de herramientas bioinformáticas y protocolos experimentales para el estudio de cuestiones básicas y aplicadas, como el desarrollo de vacunas, kits de diagnóstico o nuevas herramientas moleculares para la investigación post-genómica.

 

Además de la Estación Experimental del Zaidín, en el proyecto participan la Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), el Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNAS-CSIC) de Sevilla, el Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Animal (CITA-IVIA) de Segorbe, la Universidad de Granada (UGR), la Universidad de Valencia, la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, la Universidad del País Vasco, la Universitat de les Illes Balears y el Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública de Valencia. Con la participación de los grupos de investigación de estos centros de investigación, la Microbiología española se mantiene en el grupo de cabeza de la Microbiología internacional y continuará siendo un apoyo indispensable para el futuro de la Biotecnología y Biomedicina de España.

 

El programa CONSOLIDER forma parte de la estrategia Ingenio 2010 y financia ctuaciones de carácter estratégico basadas en actividades científicas que promuevan un avance significativo en el estado del conocimiento o que establezcan líneas de investigación originales situadas en lo que se denomina frontera del conocimiento. Este programa persigue conseguir la excelencia investigadora aumentando la cooperación entre investigadores y formando grandes grupos de investigación.

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Asset Freeze Orders Don’t Disrupt Al Qaeda Financing

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A study conducted at the University of Granada revealed that the measures established by the Security Council of the United Nations – based on asset freeze orders – failed to disrupt Al Qaeda’s financing. Since its founding, this terrorist group has used a number of mechanisms for raising funds from financial facilitators, charities and corporations.

The exchange of information between authorities and banks is essential to detect Al Qaeda’s financing operations. Financial data themselves may not give any hint on how this terrorist group and its related groups get funds. That said, when these data are combined with other information held by the intelligence services, it can help banks see an indicator of potentially suspicious activities.

This is the conclusion drawn from a research conducted by Juan Miguel del Cid Gómez, professor of Finances and Accounting of the University of Granada.

The author found that Al Qaeda has been employing since its founding different mechanisms to raise funds from financial facilitators, charities and corporations. At present, cells, branches or groups associated with Al Qaeda are forced to act independently and get funds by means of activities such as drug trafficking and other common crimes.

All these groups “are forced to resort to hawala (“transferring” in Arabian) and to cash-couriers to move money on the fringes of the official financial system”.

In addition, there are other mechanisms that may be employed by terrorist groups to move their funds without being detected.

“That is the case of international trade. The complex payment methods of international trade, and the volume of transactions render it specially vulnerable,” said Professor Del Cid Gómez. “The online payment systems enabled by new information technologies and telecommunications is also a risk, since they may be used by terrorist groups to transfer money anonymously.”

Seamless Financing

The researcher found that the measures established by the Security Council of the United Nations – based on asset freeze orders – failed to disrupt Al Qaeda’s financing.

Moreover, direct observation of customers has not been successful for detecting terrorist operations. The reason is that reports of suspicious transactions by financial institutions around the world are of little value, when it comes to freeze the assets of the terrorist organization.

The study provides a number of relevant data on the group financing. Before the September 11 attacks, Al Qaeda’s financial needs were approximately $ 30 million annually, according to a CIA’s report. Some estimates indicate that the economic cost of this attack is 400 to 500 thousand dollars. Nevertheless, Del Cid warns that terrorist groups need to meet both the cost of attacks, organization maintenance, and the funds required to spread their ideology.

Apart from buying the weapons, vehicles, explosives and detonators needed for the attack, terrorist groups have to meet other needs, as providing for the terrorists and their families, enabling communications between cell members and with their leaders, training their members, travelling to prepare the attacks, broadcasting propaganda on the media and promoting charity activities, which is a way for terrorist organizations to gain legitimacy.

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El poeta José Pallarés participa en los “Encuentros en la Biblioteca” del Aula “García Lorca” de la UGR

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El acto tendrá lugar en la Biblioteca de Andalucía (Profesor Sáinz Cantero, 6), el sábado, 8 de mayo, a las 12 horas

El poeta José Pallarés participa el sábado, 8 de mayo, a las 12 horas, en los “Encuentros en la Biblioteca” que organiza la Cátedra “Federico García Lorca”, del Secretariado de Extensión Universitaria de la UGR, con la colaboración de la Biblioteca de Andalucía. El acto tendrá lugar en la Biblioteca de Andalucía (Profesor Sáinz Cantero, 6).

José Pallarés, licenciado en Filología Española por la Universidad de Granada, se doctoró en esta misma institución con una tesis sobre León de Arroyal. Profesor, escritor y columnista, José Pallarés se dio a conocer como poeta con su primera obra “Cuadernos de Arena”, publicada en la colección “Genil” que edita la Diputación de Granada.

Pallarés, que ha realizado distintos trabajos de investigación sobre la literatura de la Ilustración y la poesía del siglo XX. Es profesor de Lengua y Literatura Española en el IES Francisco Pacheco de Sanlúcar de Barrameda, y en el Centro Asociado de la UNED en Cádiz.

Actividad:

  • Encuentros en la Biblioteca
  • Participa: José Pallarés
  • Organiza: Cátedra “Federico García Lorca”, del Secretariado de Extensión Universitaria de la UGR, con la colaboración de la Biblioteca de Andalucía.
  • Día: Sábado, 8 de mayo de 2010
  • Hora: 12 horas
  • Lugar: Biblioteca de Andalucía (Profesor Sáinz Cantero, 6)
  • Entrada: Libre, hasta completar el aforo

Contacto: Profesor Antonio Carvajal, director de la Cátedra “Federico García Lorca”. Universidad de Granada. Tlf. 958243484 y 958 243593. Correo e.: acmilena@ugr.es

Police, Thieves and Ordinary People Apply Different Logic When Making Decisions, Study Shows

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A study conducted by the University of Granada, in collaboration with the University of Cambridge, revealed that police officers and ordinary people reason differently than criminals when making decisions. That is, they reason in different ways. This conclusion might have significant implications on criminal jurisdiction.

This research was conducted by Rocío García-Retamero from the Department of Experimental Psychology and Behavioural Physiology of the University of Granada, and Mandeep K. Dhabi from the Institute of Criminology (University of Cambridge, United Kingdom).

For the purpose of this study, García Retamero and Dhami took a sample of 120 people that participated voluntarily. The sample consisted of 40 expert criminals, 40 expert police officers and 40 students unrelated to criminal activities. The police officers had been working for the security forces for an average of 19.4 years and their work had been mainly centred on investigating robberies.

The criminals claimed to have committed an average of 57.2 robberies. They were convicted criminals that had been imprisoned for burglary just once. The students specified the number of times that they had been victims of a theft (only an average of 0.6 times).

Factors

The participants — police officers, expert criminals and students unrelated to any criminal activity — were asked to estimate the importance of certain factors when predicting the chances of a home being broken into. Some of the factors were: full/empty mail box, lights on/off, the fact of the home being a flat or a house, or the presence of neglected plants. They were asked to classify them on the basis of the extent in which their presence could help to predict a successful housebreaking. For example: for the factor «home security systems» they were posed with the following situation: «Imagine two houses: one with a burglar alarm and other without it. In what degree is it more likely that the house without alarm is broken into?» To answer this question, the participants had to draw a circle around a value ranging from 0 to 100 on a ten-point interval scale. Then, participants were classified on the basis of their strategy.

Significant differences

The results revealed that the two groups of experts (burglars and police officers) had different perceptions of the importance and classification of each factor. The perception of the police officers was more similar to that of ordinary people than to that of burglars. Thus, police officers and ordinary people agreed that the method employed to break into the house was the most relevant factor, when it comes to foreseeing a successful housebreaking. Conversely, the burglars considered that the most relevant factor was the presence of a burglar alarm.

Although the answers of both groups of experts differed, they were more consistent than those of ordinary people. That is, the experts employed more consistent criteria when it came to use different ways to express them, and they agreed with experts of their own group in a higher degree.

The conclusions drawn from this research, according to the researchers, «make a new contribution to study the differences between experts and inexperienced people. It also might have important implications regarding criminal jurisdiction and decision-making patterns.»

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Granada varsity study says UNSC order failed to disrupt Qaeda financing

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Measures established by the United Nations Security Council to freeze assets failed to disrupt financing to Al Qaeda, a University of Granada study has revealed.

According to Juan Miguel del Cid Gsmez, Professor of Finances and Accounting at the University of Granada and author of the study, Al Qaeda has used a number of mechanisms to raise funds from financial facilitators, charities and corporations.

Professor Gomez said the exchange of information between authorities and banks is essential to detect Al Qaeda’s financing operations, though he admitted that financial data by itself may not give a hint on how the terrorist group and its associates access funds.

He, however, said that when this data is combined with other information held by the intelligence services, it could help banks detect potentially suspicious activities.

Professor Gomez further opined that splinter groups of Al Qaeda «are forced to resort to hawala («transferring» in Arabian) and to cash-couriers to move money on the fringes of the official financial system».

In addition, there are other mechanisms that may be employed by terrorist groups to move their funds without being detected.

«That is the case of international trade. The complex payment methods of international trade, and the volume of transactions render it specially vulnerable,» Professor Gsmez states.

«The online payment systems enabled by new information technologies and telecommunications is also a risk, since they may be used by terrorist groups to transfer money anonymously,» he adds.

The study provides a number of relevant data on the group financing.

Before the September 11 attacks, Al Qaeda’s financial needs were approximately 30 million dollars annually, according to a CIA’s report.

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El Servicio de Becas organiza sesiones informativas para los estudiantes en los centros universitarios

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Sobre las becas del Ministerio de Educación y Propias para el curso 2010/11

El Servicio de Becas de la UGR, dependiente del Vicerrectorado de Estudiantes, va a llevar a cabo sesiones informativas, en distintos Centros, sobre las becas del Ministerio de Educación y Propias para el curso 2010/11.

“¿Vas a solicitar beca el próximo curso 2010/2011? ¿Tienes dudas de dónde, cuando y cómo solicitar tu beca? ¿Cumples los requisitos?”, este es el mensaje que lanza el Servicio de Becas de la UGR, dependiente del Vicerrectorado de Estudiantes, a todos los estudiantes universitarios para que acudan a las reuniones informativas que se han organizado desde la semana próxima en varios centros universitarios de Granada.

CALENDARIO:

  • 11 de Mayo 2010.12:00. Fac. de Ciencias. Aula Magna.
  • 13 de Mayo 2010. 12:00. Fac. Filosofía y Letras. Aula Magna.
  • 19 de Mayo 2010.12:00. E.T.S Informática. Salón de Actos.
  • 20 de Mayo 2010. 13:00.Fac. de Derecho. Aula 1.

Contacto: Eva Mª Reyes, Servicio de Becas. Telf. 958 24 31 39, correo elec: ereyes@ugr.es

Granada varsity study says UNSC order failed to disrupt Qaeda financing

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Measures established by the United Nations Security Council to freeze assets failed to disrupt financing to Al Qaeda, a University of Granada study has revealed.

According to Juan Miguel del Cid Gsmez, Professor of Finances and Accounting at the University of Granada and author of the study, Al Qaeda has used a number of mechanisms to raise funds from financial facilitators, charities and corporations.

Professor Gomez said the exchange of information between authorities and banks is essential to detect Al Qaeda’s financing operations, though he admitted that financial data by itself may not give a hint on how the terrorist group and its associates access funds.

He, however, said that when this data is combined with other information held by the intelligence services, it could help banks detect potentially suspicious activities.

Professor Gomez further opined that splinter groups of Al Qaeda «are forced to resort to hawala («transferring» in Arabian) and to cash-couriers to move money on the fringes of the official financial system».

In addition, there are other mechanisms that may be employed by terrorist groups to move their funds without being detected.

«That is the case of international trade. The complex payment methods of international trade, and the volume of transactions render it specially vulnerable,» Professor Gsmez states.

«The online payment systems enabled by new information technologies and telecommunications is also a risk, since they may be used by terrorist groups to transfer money anonymously,» he adds.

The study provides a number of relevant data on the group financing.

Before the September 11 attacks, Al Qaeda’s financial needs were approximately 30 million dollars annually, according to a CIA’s report.

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20 Minutos

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Granada varsity study says UNSC order failed to disrupt Qaeda financing

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Measures established by the United Nations Security Council to freeze assets failed to disrupt financing to Al Qaeda, a University of Granada study has revealed.

According to Juan Miguel del Cid Gsmez, Professor of Finances and Accounting at the University of Granada and author of the study, Al Qaeda has used a number of mechanisms to raise funds from financial facilitators, charities and corporations.

Professor Gomez said the exchange of information between authorities and banks is essential to detect Al Qaeda’s financing operations, though he admitted that financial data by itself may not give a hint on how the terrorist group and its associates access funds.

He, however, said that when this data is combined with other information held by the intelligence services, it could help banks detect potentially suspicious activities.

Professor Gomez further opined that splinter groups of Al Qaeda «are forced to resort to hawala («transferring» in Arabian) and to cash-couriers to move money on the fringes of the official financial system».

In addition, there are other mechanisms that may be employed by terrorist groups to move their funds without being detected.

«That is the case of international trade. The complex payment methods of international trade, and the volume of transactions render it specially vulnerable,» Professor Gsmez states.

«The online payment systems enabled by new information technologies and telecommunications is also a risk, since they may be used by terrorist groups to transfer money anonymously,» he adds.

The study provides a number of relevant data on the group financing.

Before the September 11 attacks, Al Qaeda’s financial needs were approximately 30 million dollars annually, according to a CIA’s report.

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Ideal

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