Researchers patent a process of ornamental stone consolidation to make it more resistant

The University if Granada has patented a product and an implementation method to obtain the activation of the microorganisms that produce the carbonates found in construction and ornamental materials. Thanks to this, the formation of a calcium carbonate cement is induced, which can be used to protect and consolidate in situ surfaces made of construction and ornamentation lime materials in general, as well as natural stone too.

The people responsible of this patent are the members of a research group of the Microbiology Department and the Mineralogy and Petrology Department of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Granada.

French company Bordeaux Architectural Antique, located in Bordeaux, works in the antique architecture and sculpture restoration sector and is interested in this patent. As a result of this, an ‘agreement of material and know-how transfer’ has been signed between this company and the University of Granada. These researchers have provided them with the product, as well as assessment to carry out trials to check the efficiency of the product and the method in their own samples.

In fact, company Bordeaux Architectural Antique has already asked for an authorization to apply this product in historical buildings. So far they have obtained the suitable permission from Le directeur régional des affaires culturelles (regional manager of cultural matters) to carry out trials in the Cathedral of San Andres in Burdeos, although so far the date of the work commencement is unknown.

In addition to obtaining the patent for the consolidation of ornamental stone, this Granada-based research group has started a study that aims to lower the implementation price of this patented mean of cultivation. They intend to analyse other useful products which produce the same results but at a lower cost. Moreover, they want to study how much the time of treatment can be reduced but getting these same results, as this would reduce the costs related to the implementation of the cultivation mean. They have been recently awarded with a Project of Excellence by the Innovation, Science and Enterprise Ministry of the Andalusian government Junta de Andalucía in order to continue with their current research.
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Weight determines the future cognitive development of children born very premature

Researchers of the Department of Neuroscience and Health Sciences of the University of Almería and Hospital Torrecárdenas are carrying out an assessment of the physical neuropsychological characteristics of children born before 32 weeks’ gestation or whose weight is lower than 1500 grams –very premature-. The main aim of this project, coordinated by Mª Dolores Roldán Tapia, from the UAL, is to accurately define the origin of brain damage, so as to stimulate the affected area early thus causing the adequate cognitive and motric development of the individual.

The commonest differences between premature babies and those born after a nine-month pregnancy are mainly related to visoperceptive skills, memory and movement which eventually translate into learning and spatial orientation difficulties. That is why these difficulties that these children have in their cognitive performance and the development of perceptual and executive functions are being studied.

A population sample of 35 very premature children is being taken for this project, together with the same number of healthy children, all of them born between 2000 and 2001, with their parents’ authorisation. Special attention has been paid to the fact that both the children and their parents have similar educational and social levels, as the stimulation they get in the early stages of their lives has a decisive influence in their later development.

The results obtained so far reveal that the decisive variable for the existence of a reversible or irreversible brain damage is the baby’s weight at birth, rather than the time of gestation. According to experts, an early stimulation of the individual’s central nerve system, from birth until his complete cognitive development at 16 years of age, in foetuses whose weight at birth is over 1,500 gr. or who are very premature, will eventually get ideal cognitive levels. However, this stimulation must be continued throughout the whole development of babies whose weight is lower than 1,500 gr. so that they can get a proper brain maturity.

As a complement to this project, Alemeria-based researchers are developing an epidemiological study so as to set the percentage of very premature children who have brain damage against the total number of children born under the same characteristics between 2000 and 2001. This study is funded by Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental-Alejandro Otero (FIBAO, Alejandro Otero foundation for bio-health research in eastern Andalusia). Moreover, in collaboration with the University of Granada, experts are developing another line of research whose aim is to determine the existing relationship between visoperceptive skill deficit and the level of reasoning in very premature children.

In the near future, the team of researchers of the University of Almeria will be expanding their research and including new variables that may make a determining brain difference in very premature babies, like for example, the brain difference between babies born in natural multiple births and those with artificial techniques, or the interaction between pre-maturity and bad nutrition.
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