Physicists Investigate Possibility of an ‘Unhiggs’

Physicists Investigate Possibility of an \’Unhiggs\’

One of the biggest goals of the LHC is to discover the Higgs boson, the only particle in the Standard Model that has not yet been observed. In general, physicists are pretty confident that the Higgs does in fact exist, although they have spent a lot of effort searching for the particle in less powerful accelerators without success. While patiently waiting for the LHC to reach its full energy and a Higgs particle to leave a signature in a detector, some physicists are investigating alternative scenarios. One of the most recent proposals is that the Higgs is not a particle, but an unparticle called the Unhiggs.

The Unhiggs idea was first suggested in a paper published in November 2009 by physicists David Stancato and John Terning of the University of California, Davis. The Unhiggs is not all that different from the Higgs, except that it demonstrates unparticle behavior and, subsequently, does not fit in with the Standard Model. While a particle has discrete parameters, the Unhiggs’ parameters are continuous. In this sense, the Unhiggs is itself a continuum, and can be thought of as a collection of many Higgs bosons, each carrying a fraction of the Unhigg’s total value.

“In particle physics, we are used to dealing with (surprise) particles,” Adam Falkowski, a physicist at Rutgers University, told PhysOrg.com. Falkowski and Manuel Pérez-Victoria of the University of Granada are also investigating the possibility of the Unhiggs. “One property of particles is a well defined mass. For an unstable particle (such as the Higgs boson in the Standard Model), we can experimentally determine the mass by measuring the momenta of its decay products and computing the so-called invariant mass. Particles show as bumps, or resonances, in the invariant mass spectrum or other kinematical distributions.

“Unparticles, on the other hand, do not have a well defined mass; in fact, an unparticle can be thought of as a superposition of an infinite number of particles with different masses. For this reason, unparticles don’t show up as resonances. Instead, they show up as subtle modifications of kinematical distributions measured by experiment, and therefore they can be difficult to spot.”

In their study, Stancato and Terning showed that the possibility of an Unhiggs is theoretically consistent (which was not obvious a priori). The physicists found that the Unhiggs can do many things that the Higgs does. For example, both the particle and the continuum possess a non-zero vacuum expectation value, which can “break electroweak symmetry” and “unitarize WW scattering” – abilities that are important for giving other particles mass, which is a fundamental role of the Higgs. In addition, the scientists found that the Unhiggs can do something that the Higgs cannot: provide a solution to the so-called little hierarchy problem.

More recently, Falkowski and Pérez-Victoria have further investigated the properties of the Unhiggs. In their study, they have explored certain experimental predictions of the Unhiggs proposal, such as how the Unhiggs affects precision observables measured by experiment. The scientists found that the Unhiggs is even more like the Higgs than previously thought, in that it closely mimics the Higgs for some light masses. They also found that the primary difference between the Unhiggs and the Higgs is due to their different propagators: while the Higgs’ propagator is mathematically described as a pole, the Unhiggs’ propagator is a branch. This characteristic is what makes the Unhiggs difficult to detect in collider experiments.

“Propagators are mathematical functions that are used for computing amplitudes in quantum theories,” Falkowski explained. “Amplitudes determine the probability of certain events to occur in our colliders. The ‘pole’ means that the propagator becomes very large for certain values of the momenta corresponding to the particle mass; mathematically, this is the origin of resonances in kinematical distributions measured by experiment. Propagators for unparticles do not have poles, but rather branch cuts (discontinuities of the imaginary part), and therefore unparticles do not show up as resonances.”

Instead, when the Unhiggs “decays,” it becomes suppressed, making its decay product mostly invisible. Still, the physicists say that a more detailed analysis of the collider’s constraints is necessary in order to determine if the Unhiggs might be observed. If physicists do find a way to determine its existence, the Unhiggs could possibly reveal information about the elusiveness of new physics beyond the Standard Model. Falkowski and Pérez-Victoria are currently working on a theoretical framework where not only the Higgs but also the W and Z bosons have unparticle components.

“At the present stage it\’s hard to say whether the idea is useful, that is to say whether it solves any problems that are troubling particle physicists,” Falkowski said. “Our approach in the paper was rather that the Unhiggs could be the reality, and explore consequences of that assumption. As I said, a priori it was far from obvious that the Unhiggs is theoretically consistent, or if it\’s consistent with all experimental results up to date. The usefulness of this direction of research is that it allows the experimental physicists to prepare their experiments such that the Unhiggs, if present, would not be missed.”

More information:
Adam Falkowski and Manuel Pérez-Victoria. “Electroweak precision observables and the unhiggs.” Journal of High Energy Physics. Doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2009/12/061 . http://arxiv.org/abs/0901.3777

David Stancato and JoDoi:10.1088/1126-6708ggs.” Journal of High Energy Physics. Doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2009/11/101 . http://arxiv.org/abs/0807.3961
Descargar


El agua llegaría a los pechos de la Estatua de la Libertad si se derritieran los casquetes polares

El agua llegaría a los pechos de la Estatua de la Libertad si se derritieran los casquetes polares

El mar cubriría hasta los pechos de la Estatua de la Libertad de Nueva York si en el futuro se derriten por completo los casquetes polares.

La geóloga del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carlota Escutia, alertó que desde el pasado 4 de enero lidera una expedición internacional en la Antártida que trata de reconstruir la historia del casquete polar antártico, formado hace 34 millones de años, mediante la perforación de sus suelos marinos.

«Si todos los casquetes polares se deshicieran tendríamos unos sesenta metros de subida del nivel del mar», explicó la investigadora española en declaraciones a Europa Press, al tiempo que comentó que este proyecto pretende valorar la estabilidad de la Antártida durante episodios de elevadas temperaturas y altas concentraciones de CO2 ocurridos en el pasado, y de esta forma prever su resistencia en el actual escenario de cambio climático.

«Estamos en la costa de la Antártida que está en frente de Australia haciendo una perforación de los fondos marinos y recolectando sedimentos que se han estado acumulando durante millones de años en las cuencas marinas. Es una aventura científica», apostilló.

En este sentido, indicó que antes de que existiera la Antártida la zona estaba poblada por bosques de coníferas y que gracias a un enfriamiento global se formó el continente antártico. Además, apuntó que el casquete polar ártico se formó posteriormente, por lo que durante millones de años tan sólo existió la Antártida.

Para ello, los 29 científicos de 14 nacionalidades, entre ellos tres españoles y uno de ellos procedente de un instituto japonés, realizarán hasta marzo un total de cuatro perforaciones en pozos marinos de hasta 1.400 metros de profundidad, para obtener muestras que contengan la evolución completa del casquete desde su origen.

Así, Escutia relata que una vez alcanzado el suelo marino se realizarán perforaciones de entre 200 y 1.400 metros, lo que permitiría recolectar cerca de 2.600 metros de sedimento marino. El \’Joides Resolution\’, como así se llama el buque, dispone de numerosos laboratorios donde los expertos descifran de forma preliminar sus componentes (microfósiles, partículas, campo magnético terrestre, entre otros) para posteriormente estudiarlos más a fondo en sus respectivos centros de investigación.

«El barco de perforación tiene su torre y una especie de tubería que se extiende hacia el fondo marino a través de la columna de agua. Ahora estamos haciendo el primer pozo y acabamos de pasar los primeros 650 metros de sedimento», concretó.

De hecho, señaló que es importante conocer de qué forma se \’ha comportado\’ el casquete a lo largo de la historia porque éste cuando se deshace causa una subida del nivel global del mar y también tiene mucha influencia en la circulación oceánica global de las aguas frías y profundas.

Igualmente, indicó que la Tierra ha sido más fría y más cálida de lo que es en la actualidad y que ésta como planeta no tiene problemas con el cambio de clima, pero sí el ser humano al contar con mucha actividad, como la agricultura, y un gran porcentaje vive en poblaciones costeras a las que afectaría ese cambio en el nivel del mar.

«Cada vez que se deshace un glaciar de la Tierra aumenta el nivel del mar, aquí tenemos las grandes masas de hielo terrestre y sabemos muy poco qué causa su deshielo y bajo qué condiciones se deshacen o no y de qué forma», agregó.

Asimismo, explicó que han podido comprobar gracias a los sedimentos recopilados hasta la fecha una «clara evidencia» de que hace unos quince millones de años hubo un calentamiento en la Tierra, pero en el que todavía no ha podido descifrarse de qué forma reaccionó el hielo en el momento.

La ruta de la nave, que partió el 3 de enero de Wellington (Nueva Zelanda), se dirige hacia el territorio Wilkes, en la parte oriental de la Antártida, al sur del océano Índico. Es la primera vez que se realizan perforaciones en este sector del continente. En los últimos 15 años, se han desarrollado dos expediciones de este tipo, una en la Península Antártica y otra en la bahía de Prydz. El viaje concluirá el próximo 9 de marzo en Hobart, la capital de la isla de Tasmania (Australia).

Este proyecto pertenece al Programa Internacional de Perforación Integrada del Océano (IODP, por sus siglas en inglés), un consorcio de investigación internacional dedicado al análisis de la historia de la Tierra a través del estudio de los sedimentos marinos y participado por 22 países, entre ellos España, que paga una cuota anual.

Los modelos climáticos actuales apuntan a que la transición de una Tierra cálida (sin casquetes de hielo) a una Tierra fría se originó por un descenso en la concentración de CO2 en la atmósfera. «Dada la tendencia actual de incremento de gases de efecto invernadero y el correspondiente aumento de las temperaturas globales, tanto atmosféricas como marinas, estudios sobre la estabilidad de los casquetes de hielos, como éste, resultan prioritarios», concluyó la experta del Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (centro mixto del CSIC y la Universidad de Granada).
Descargar


Un ciclo de conferencias conmemora el 200 aniversario de la entrada de Napoleón en Granada

Un ciclo de conferencias conmemora el 200 aniversario de la entrada de Napoleón en Granada

Un ciclo de conferencias conmemora desde hoy el bicentenario de la entrada y ocupación «pacífica» de Granada por parte de las tropas napoleónicas, para cuya celebración también se han programado una serie de conciertos, visitas guiadas y publicaciones especiales.

Los actos del Bicentenario de la Ocupación han sido presentados hoy en el Ayuntamiento de Granada por Melchor Sáiz-Pardo, defensor del ciudadano, y César Girón, representante de la comisión ciudadana encargada de la conmemoración, que ha destacado que la «rendición» fue «muy productiva» porque salvaguardó «las propiedades y la forma de ser granadina».

El legado de los franceses en la fisonomía de la ciudad se puede ver en su urbanismo, con aportaciones como los jardines del Salón, la plaza de la Trinidad o el Puente Verde, ha detallado Sáiz-Pardo, que también ha aclarado que hubo aportaciones negativas como el desfalco de la Hacienda Pública y la deportación de las obras de arte de los palacios y los conventos granadinos.

El ciclo de conferencias será inaugurado esta tarde en el Salón de Plenos del Ayuntamiento con una conferencia a cargo del profesor José Antonio López Nevot bajo el título de «La invasión napoleónica de Granada 1810-1812», y continuará durante los dos próximos meses con siete charlas más en la sede de CajaGranada.

Girón ha destacado también la colaboración del Mando de Adiestramiento y Doctrina (MADOC) del Ejército con el cual se editará un libro conmemorativo, y se organizará un concierto de marchas militares, en el que también participará el Coro de la Universidad de Granada, así como una exposición sobre la invasión el próximo mes de octubre.

Las visitas guiadas sobre estos años de impulso del «afrancesamiento» cultural tendrán una duración de dos horas, y contarán con grupos limitados de hasta cincuenta personas, en dos sábados de febrero.

«La presencia de los franceses supuso un antes y un después», ha aseverado Girón para añadir que algunos historiadores fechan en 1810, con la entrada de José I en la capital granadina, el paso del antiguo al nuevo Régimen en España que dos años después culminaría con la constitución de las Cortes de Cádiz.

Si hoy se conmemora la entrada de las tropas en Granada, ayer se realizó un acto en el que se reinterpretó la capitulación ante Napoleón en Pinos Puente, un hito sólo comparable a la otra capitulación ocurrida en la historia granadina: ante Boabdil varios siglos antes.

La comisión ciudadana encargada del Bicentenario, compuesta por 22 personas, ha previsto para el 16 de marzo, coincidiendo con el fin del ciclo de conferencias y con el bicentenario del viaje josefino, una conferencia-coloquio en el Colegio de Abogados, junto a la Chancillería donde se alojó el rey José I quien, desde allí, ordenó arriar la bandera francesa que ondeaba en la Torre de la Vela y sustituirla por la española.
Descargar


Right-Handed And Left-Handed People Do Not See The Same Bright Side Of Things

Right-Handed And Left-Handed People Do Not See The Same Bright Side Of Things

Despite the almost universal association of the right with life, right, positive and good things, and the left with death, inadequacy, negative and bad things, recent researches show that left-handed people hold the opposite association. Thus, left-handers become a critical case in which conceptual associations, result of a sensory-motor experience, and those that rely on linguistic and cultural uses, are contradictory. A sensory-motor experience in itself is capable of creating abstract conceptual associations.

These are the conclusions derived from various studies compiled by professor Julio Santiago de Torres, from the Department of Experimental Psychology and Behavioural Physiology at the University of Granada, who has conducted a bibliographic review on the subject, published in Ciencia Cognitiva: Revista Electrónica de Divulgación.

One of the latest works on this subject was undertaken by researcher Daniel Casasanto (Stanford University), who found out that left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, which goes against the enormous power of cultural context in which they live and the language they use.

Good things and bad things

In one of his experiments, Casasanto presented participants a diagram that depicts a character who was planning a trip to the zoo, and who loves zebras and thinks they are good, but dislikes pandas and thinks they are bad. The participant had to draw a zebra in the box that best represented good things and a panda in the box that best represented bad things.

Most of right-handed people located good things in the box on the right while left-handers placed them in the box on the left. Interestingly, only 14% of participants thought that his election had to do with what his dominant hand was.

Then, to see whether the left or right location could affect rating dimensions on abstract personality, he asked another group of participants to rate pairs of objects depicted in another drawing, indicating which of the two seemed more intelligent, more honest, more attractive and happier. And in a final experiment, participants were asked to assess which candidate would they chose for a job, or what product would they buy in a store.

In all tasks, right-handers tended to evaluate the object on the right better, while left-handers favoured the one on the left. Therefore, UGR professor says, «these results demonstrate that perceptuomotor experiences, in this case the greater ease and fluidity of interaction with one or another side of space, are sufficient to generate stable associations between specific dimensions, such as space, and concepts of a high degree of abstraction, such as kindness, intelligence or honesty.»

These data provide one of the first clear demonstrations that sensory-motor experience can exert a powerful influence on the conceptualization of even our most abstract ideas.

A wrong world

As professor Santiago explains, «a left-handed person has often the feeling of having been born in a wrong world. From scissors to computer keyboards designs, everything is projected for right-handers. The fact that left-handed people are able to adapt quite well to these manual controls that are contrary to their nature, indicates a first interesting fact that it is often overlooked: undoubtedly, there is a difference in motor ability between the dominant and the non-dominant hand, but it is far from being a great difference.»

In fact, the researcher points out, «speed and accuracy differences between the right and the left hand that are usually found, do not go beyond 10%. In addition, the left hand can be trained to high levels of implementation, as in the case of musicians or typists. In contrast with the intensive use of the right hand that characterizes an average right-handed person in over 90% of the tasks.

Julio Santiago recalls in his article that association between right and left with the symbolic systems of the world cultures «is deep, and reaches almost every aspect of life. Thus, right and left are respectively associated with aristocratic and common people, male and female, sacred and profane, good and bad. Eventually, these partnerships control aspects of life as varied as the position in which dead are buried, distribution of space in homes and churches, positions in which men and women sit at the table or in the temple and the hand chosen for saluting, swearing, eating or bathing.»

Moreover, Santiago points out, «even vocabulary is also full of similar facts such as, for example, the word «siniestro», which derives from sinister, «izquierda» in Latin.
Descargar


Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, a research has found.

The above conclusion is a part of the many studies compiled by professor Julio Santiago de Torres, from the Department of Experimental Psychology and Behavioural Physiology at the University of Granada, published in Ciencia Cognitiva: Revista Electrnica de Divulgacin.

Researcher Daniel Casasanto (Stanford University) found out that left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, which goes against the enormous power of cultural context in which they live and the language they use.

In one of his experiments, Casasanto presented participants a diagram that depicts a character who was planning a trip to the zoo, and who loves zebras and thinks they are good, but dislikes pandas and thinks they are bad. The participant had to draw a zebra in the box that best represented good things and a panda in the box that best represented bad things.

Most of right-handed people located good things in the box on the right while left-handers placed them in the box on the left. Interestingly, only 14 percent of participants thought that his election had to do with what his dominant hand was.

Then, to see whether the left or right location could affect rating dimensions on abstract personality, he asked another group of participants to rate pairs of objects depicted in another drawing, indicating which of the two seemed more intelligent, more honest, more attractive and happier. And in a final experiment, participants were asked to assess which candidate would they chose for a job, or what product would they buy in a store.

In all tasks, right-handers tended to evaluate the object on the right better, while left-handers favoured the one on the left. Therefore, UGR professor says, «these results demonstrate that perceptuomotor experiences, in this case the greater ease and fluidity of interaction with one or another side of space, are sufficient to generate stable associations between specific dimensions, such as space, and concepts of a high degree of abstraction, such as kindness, intelligence or honesty.»
Descargar


Un ciclo de conferencias conmemora el 200 aniversario de la entrada de Napoleón en Granada

Un ciclo de conferencias conmemora el 200 aniversario de la entrada de Napoleón en Granada

Un ciclo de conferencias conmemora desde hoy el bicentenario de la entrada y ocupación «pacífica» de Granada por parte de las tropas napoleónicas, para cuya celebración también se han programado una serie de conciertos, visitas guiadas y publicaciones especiales.

Los actos del Bicentenario de la Ocupación han sido presentados hoy en el Ayuntamiento de Granada por Melchor Sáiz-Pardo, defensor del ciudadano, y César Girón, representante de la comisión ciudadana encargada de la conmemoración, que ha destacado que la «rendición» fue «muy productiva» porque salvaguardó «las propiedades y la forma de ser granadina».

El legado de los franceses en la fisonomía de la ciudad se puede ver en su urbanismo, con aportaciones como los jardines del Salón, la plaza de la Trinidad o el Puente Verde, ha detallado Sáiz-Pardo, que también ha aclarado que hubo aportaciones negativas como el desfalco de la Hacienda Pública y la deportación de las obras de arte de los palacios y los conventos granadinos.

El ciclo de conferencias será inaugurado esta tarde en el Salón de Plenos del Ayuntamiento con una conferencia a cargo del profesor José Antonio López Nevot bajo el título de «La invasión napoleónica de Granada 1810-1812», y continuará durante los dos próximos meses con siete charlas más en la sede de CajaGranada.

Girón ha destacado también la colaboración del Mando de Adiestramiento y Doctrina (MADOC) del Ejército con el cual se editará un libro conmemorativo, y se organizará un concierto de marchas militares, en el que también participará el Coro de la Universidad de Granada, así como una exposición sobre la invasión el próximo mes de octubre.

Las visitas guiadas sobre estos años de impulso del «afrancesamiento» cultural tendrán una duración de dos horas, y contarán con grupos limitados de hasta cincuenta personas, en dos sábados de febrero.

«La presencia de los franceses supuso un antes y un después», ha aseverado Girón para añadir que algunos historiadores fechan en 1810, con la entrada de José I en la capital granadina, el paso del antiguo al nuevo Régimen en España que dos años después culminaría con la constitución de las Cortes de Cádiz.

Si hoy se conmemora la entrada de las tropas en Granada, ayer se realizó un acto en el que se reinterpretó la capitulación ante Napoleón en Pinos Puente, un hito sólo comparable a la otra capitulación ocurrida en la historia granadina: ante Boabdil varios siglos antes.

La comisión ciudadana encargada del Bicentenario, compuesta por 22 personas, ha previsto para el 16 de marzo, coincidiendo con el fin del ciclo de conferencias y con el bicentenario del viaje josefino, una conferencia-coloquio en el Colegio de Abogados, junto a la Chancillería donde se alojó el rey José I quien, desde allí, ordenó arriar la bandera francesa que ondeaba en la Torre de la Vela y sustituirla por la española.
Descargar


Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, a research has found.

The above conclusion is a part of the many studies compiled by professor Julio Santiago de Torres, from the Department of Experimental Psychology and Behavioural Physiology at the University of Granada, published in Ciencia Cognitiva: Revista Electrónica de Divulgación.

Researcher Daniel Casasanto (Stanford University) found out that left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, which goes against the enormous power of cultural context in which they live and the language they use.

In one of his experiments, Casasanto presented participants a diagram that depicts a character who was planning a trip to the zoo, and who loves zebras and thinks they are good, but dislikes pandas and thinks they are bad. The participant had to draw a zebra in the box that best represented good things and a panda in the box that best represented bad things.

Most of right-handed people located good things in the box on the right while left-handers placed them in the box on the left. Interestingly, only 14 percent of participants thought that his election had to do with what his dominant hand was.

Then, to see whether the left or right location could affect rating dimensions on abstract personality, he asked another group of participants to rate pairs of objects depicted in another drawing, indicating which of the two seemed more intelligent, more honest, more attractive and happier. And in a final experiment, participants were asked to assess which candidate would they chose for a job, or what product would they buy in a store.

In all tasks, right-handers tended to evaluate the object on the right better, while left-handers favoured the one on the left. Therefore, UGR professor says, ‘these results demonstrate that perceptuomotor experiences, in this case the greater ease and fluidity of interaction with one or another side of space, are sufficient to generate stable associations between specific dimensions, such as space, and concepts of a high degree of abstraction, such as kindness, intelligence or honesty.’
Descargar


El mar cubriría la Estatua de la Libertad si se derriten los casquetes polares

El mar cubriría la Estatua de la Libertad si se derriten los casquetes polares

Si todos los casquetes polares se deshicieran tendríamos unos sesenta metros de subida del nivel del mar», explicó la investigadora española en declaraciones a Europa Press, al tiempo que comentó que este proyecto pretende valorar la estabilidad de la Antártida durante episodios de elevadas temperaturas y altas concentraciones de CO2 ocurridos en el pasado, y de esta forma prever su resistencia en el actual escenario de cambio climático.

«Estamos en la costa de la Antártida que está en frente de Australia haciendo una perforación de los fondos marinos y recolectando sedimentos que se han estado acumulando durante millones de años en las cuencas marinas. Es una aventura científica», apostilló.

En este sentido, indicó que antes de que existiera la Antártida la zona estaba poblada por bosques de coníferas y que gracias a un enfriamiento global se formó el continente antártico. Además, apuntó que el casquete polar ártico se formó posteriormente, por lo que durante millones de años tan sólo existió la Antártida.

Para ello, los 29 científicos de 14 nacionalidades, entre ellos tres españoles y uno de ellos procedente de un instituto japonés, realizarán hasta marzo un total de cuatro perforaciones en pozos marinos de hasta 1.400 metros de profundidad, para obtener muestras que contengan la evolución completa del casquete desde su origen.

Así, Escutia relata que una vez alcanzado el suelo marino se realizarán perforaciones de entre 200 y 1.400 metros, lo que permitiría recolectar cerca de 2.600 metros de sedimento marino. El \’Joides Resolution\’, como así se llama el buque, dispone de numerosos laboratorios donde los expertos descifran de forma preliminar sus componentes (microfósiles, partículas, campo magnético terrestre, entre otros) para posteriormente estudiarlos más a fondo en sus respectivos centros de investigación.

«El barco de perforación tiene su torre y una especie de tubería que se extiende hacia el fondo marino a través de la columna de agua. Ahora estamos haciendo el primer pozo y acabamos de pasar los primeros 650 metros de sedimento», concretó.

De hecho, señaló que es importante conocer de qué forma se \’ha comportado\’ el casquete a lo largo de la historia porque éste cuando se deshace causa una subida del nivel global del mar y también tiene mucha influencia en la circulación oceánica global de las aguas frías y profundas.

Igualmente, indicó que la Tierra ha sido más fría y más cálida de lo que es en la actualidad y que ésta como planeta no tiene problemas con el cambio de clima, pero sí el ser humano al contar con mucha actividad, como la agricultura, y un gran porcentaje vive en poblaciones costeras a las que afectaría ese cambio en el nivel del mar.

«Cada vez que se deshace un glaciar de la Tierra aumenta el nivel del mar, aquí tenemos las grandes masas de hielo terrestre y sabemos muy poco qué causa su deshielo y bajo qué condiciones se deshacen o no y de qué forma», agregó.

Asimismo, explicó que han podido comprobar gracias a los sedimentos recopilados hasta la fecha una «clara evidencia» de que hace unos quince millones de años hubo un calentamiento en la Tierra, pero en el que todavía no ha podido descifrarse de qué forma reaccionó el hielo en el momento.

La ruta de la nave, que partió el 3 de enero de Wellington (Nueva Zelanda), se dirige hacia el territorio Wilkes, en la parte oriental de la Antártida, al sur del océano Índico. Es la primera vez que se realizan perforaciones en este sector del continente. En los últimos 15 años, se han desarrollado dos expediciones de este tipo, una en la Península Antártica y otra en la bahía de Prydz. El viaje concluirá el próximo 9 de marzo en Hobart, la capital de la isla de Tasmania (Australia).

Este proyecto pertenece al Programa Internacional de Perforación Integrada del Océano (IODP, por sus siglas en inglés), un consorcio de investigación internacional dedicado al análisis de la historia de la Tierra a través del estudio de los sedimentos marinos y participado por 22 países, entre ellos España, que paga una cuota anual.

Los modelos climáticos actuales apuntan a que la transición de una Tierra cálida (sin casquetes de hielo) a una Tierra fría se originó por un descenso en la concentración de CO2 en la atmósfera. «Dada la tendencia actual de incremento de gases de efecto invernadero y el correspondiente aumento de las temperaturas globales, tanto atmosféricas como marinas, estudios sobre la estabilidad de los casquetes de hielos, como éste, resultan prioritarios», concluyó la experta del Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (centro mixto del CSIC y la Universidad de Granada).
Descargar


Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, a research has found.

The above conclusion is a part of the many studies compiled by professor Julio Santiago de Torres, from the Department of Experimental Psychology and Behavioural Physiology at the University of Granada, published in Ciencia Cognitiva: Revista Electrónica de Divulgación.

Researcher Daniel Casasanto (Stanford University) found out that left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, which goes against the enormous power of cultural context in which they live and the language they use.

In one of his experiments, Casasanto presented participants a diagram that depicts a character who was planning a trip to the zoo, and who loves zebras and thinks they are good, but dislikes pandas and thinks they are bad. The participant had to draw a zebra in the box that best represented good things and a panda in the box that best represented bad things.
Descargar


Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, a research has found.

The above conclusion is a part of the many studies compiled by professor Julio Santiago de Torres, from the Department of Experimental Psychology and Behavioural Physiology at the University of Granada, published in Ciencia Cognitiva: Revista Electrónica de Divulgación.

Researcher Daniel Casasanto (Stanford University) found out that left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, which goes against the enormous power of cultural context in which they live and the language they use.

In one of his experiments, Casasanto presented participants a diagram that depicts a character who was planning a trip to the zoo, and who loves zebras and thinks they are good, but dislikes pandas and thinks they are bad. The participant had to draw a zebra in the box that best represented good things and a panda in the box that best represented bad things.

Most of right-handed people located good things in the box on the right while left-handers placed them in the box on the left. Interestingly, only 14 percent of participants thought that his election had to do with what his dominant hand was.

Then, to see whether the left or right location could affect rating dimensions on abstract personality, he asked another group of participants to rate pairs of objects depicted in another drawing, indicating which of the two seemed more intelligent, more honest, more attractive and happier. And in a final experiment, participants were asked to assess which candidate would they chose for a job, or what product would they buy in a store.

In all tasks, right-handers tended to evaluate the object on the right better, while left-handers favoured the one on the left. Therefore, UGR professor says, «these results demonstrate that perceptuomotor experiences, in this case the greater ease and fluidity of interaction with one or another side of space, are sufficient to generate stable associations between specific dimensions, such as space, and concepts of a high degree of abstraction, such as kindness, intelligence or honesty.»
Descargar


Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, a research has found.

The above conclusion is a part of the many studies compiled by professor Julio Santiago de Torres, from the Department of Experimental Psychology and Behavioural Physiology at the University of Granada, published in Ciencia Cognitiva: Revista Electrónica de Divulgación.

Researcher Daniel Casasanto (Stanford University) found out that left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, which goes against the enormous power of cultural context in which they live and the language they use.

In one of his experiments, Casasanto presented participants a diagram that depicts a character who was planning a trip to the zoo, and who loves zebras and thinks they are good, but dislikes pandas and thinks they are bad. The participant had to draw a zebra in the box that best represented good things and a panda in the box that best represented bad things.

Most of right-handed people located good things in the box on the right while left-handers placed them in the box on the left. Interestingly, only 14 percent of participants thought that his election had to do with what his dominant hand was.

Then, to see whether the left or right location could affect rating dimensions on abstract personality, he asked another group of participants to rate pairs of objects depicted in another drawing, indicating which of the two seemed more intelligent, more honest, more attractive and happier. And in a final experiment, participants were asked to assess which candidate would they chose for a job, or what product would they buy in a store.

In all tasks, right-handers tended to evaluate the object on the right better, while left-handers favoured the one on the left. Therefore, UGR professor says, “these results demonstrate that perceptuomotor experiences, in this case the greater ease and fluidity of interaction with one or another side of space, are sufficient to generate stable associations between specific dimensions, such as space, and concepts of a high degree of abstraction, such as kindness, intelligence or honesty.”
Descargar


Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers associate left with nice, right with ugly

Left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, a research has found.

The above conclusion is a part of the many studies compiled by professor Julio Santiago de Torres, from the Department of Experimental Psychology and Behavioural Physiology at the University of Granada, published in Ciencia Cognitiva: Revista Electrónica de Divulgación.

Researcher Daniel Casasanto (Stanford University) found out that left-handers tend to associate the left with nice and good things and the right with ugly and bad things, which goes against the enormous power of cultural context in which they live and the language they use.

In one of his experiments, Casasanto presented participants a diagram that depicts a character who was planning a trip to the zoo, and who loves zebras and thinks they are good, but dislikes pandas and thinks they are bad. The participant had to draw a zebra in the box that best represented good things and a panda in the box that best represented bad things.

Most of right-handed people located good things in the box on the right while left-handers placed them in the box on the left. Interestingly, only 14 percent of participants thought that his election had to do with what his dominant hand was.

Then, to see whether the left or right location could affect rating dimensions on abstract personality, he asked another group of participants to rate pairs of objects depicted in another drawing, indicating which of the two seemed more intelligent, more honest, more attractive and happier. And in a final experiment, participants were asked to assess which candidate would they chose for a job, or what product would they buy in a store.

In all tasks, right-handers tended to evaluate the object on the right better, while left-handers favoured the one on the left. Therefore, UGR professor says, “these results demonstrate that perceptuomotor experiences, in this case the greater ease and fluidity of interaction with one or another side of space, are sufficient to generate stable associations between specific dimensions, such as space, and concepts of a high degree of abstraction, such as kindness, intelligence or honesty.”
Descargar